Turkey is in a total of 7 regions. The regions are the Marmara, Aegean region, Black Sea region, Mediterranean region, Central, Eastern and Southeastern Anatolia. Here you can find significant differences between the various regions identified. The division into 7 regions was predominantly based on similar climatic features. That is also the landscape as well as the land of the territories in the region are very similar. Each region is distinguished by its climate but also through their land. Also important are the location, the vegetation, fauna and the Erdbeschaffenheit. So it is crucial to whether the ground is rocky, or can be easily managed. 4 of 7 regions were under the seas bordering the Black Sea, Mediterranean, Aegean and Marmara named. The remaining 3 regions were named after the location. Thrace is located west of the Bosphorus on the European side. Here is the river Meriç a natural border with Greece.

In the east of the Bosporus to find the Marmara region. The Marmara Sea separates Europe from Asia and the Aegean Sea from the Black Sea. In the Mediterranean, you will find the Dardanelles. They lie on a length of 60 km. Lies directly on the Bosporus Ä°stanbul. Here is the landscape of forests and hilly or at least covered by bushes. The very fertile arable soil in the east in a steppe landscape. The millions of Bursa is a spa and very famous for its sulfur and hot springs. In the Aegean region is heavily agricultural land use. The very hilly landscape stretches from the west coast between Çanakkale to Bodrum. This region on the coast is one of the best-developed regions of Turkey. Here not only cypress trees and vines but also the landscape. You’ll also find many ancient buildings. For example, Troy, Assos, Pergamon, Ephesus, Priene, Miletus, and Didyma Euromos.

The Black Sea region is the northern coastal area of Turkey. This region is a mild and humid climate characterized. The landscape is very mountainous and heavily forested. Here thrive tea, tobacco, corn and hazelnuts. Zentralanatolischen in the region of Tuz Gölü salt lake and a large mountain chain. It soars in some places over 3,900 meters into the sky. Cappadocia is situated further east. The tourists visit like this place because of his tuff. Here you can find many Wohnhölen rock and a church. Inneranatolien is overwhelmingly dominated by steppe landscape. The region is very dry. In the area around Tuz Gölü is the desert-like landscape. The agricultural use in this region of the country is not as strong as in the rest in the area around Tuz Gölü is the desert-like landscape. Particularly wheat, barley and fruit are grown here. He is very hot and dry summers and cold winters.

The Mediterranean region in the north of Taurus and in the east of Amanosgebirge framed. Here are most of citrus fruits, tomatoes, bananas, peanuts and especially cotton. Southeastern is considered the oldest cultural region of Turkey. The Taurus Mountains characterizes this landscape. Here are the Euphrates and Tigris rivers. Here, wheat, barley, grapes, olives and pistachios grown. For agricultural cultivation will be along the Euphrates and the Tigris more than 22 dams built.

Turkey, officially called Republic of them, moreover also Turkey or to Turkish: Türkiye Cumhuriyet is a country in Asia.  Around 97% of the area of the country belong to Asia. Only about 3% belong to Europe. War of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk founded. Incidentally, this is a name you should remember. In almost every major city has a monument to the founder of the Turkish Republic. Negative comments about him you should refrain. Turkey is a secular state, which means a holiday in this Muslim country actually, is for the tourists hardly represents a switch, because he is from the other faiths hardly noticed something when he does not want. Secularism is the founder of the State of Mustafa Kemal “Ataturk” back. He was highly anxious, Turkey, following the example of Europe to modernize.
A good example of secularism in Turkey are the schools. While in Bavarian schools often to see the cross, may in the whole of Turkey in a school no headscarf worn. Even the religious education is a private event with which the school has nothing to do. The Turkey extends over 2 continents. Anatolia, which is the Asian part of Turkey is, claimed about 97% of the area of the country. The European part is located in the west. Thrace, as the name, covers around 3% of the country. At Anatolia, most Germans prejudices. Did you know that even the great coastal resorts such as Bodrum or Antalya Anatolia belong?

The borders of Turkey have a length of about 9,850 km. These assets were approximately 7,200 km from the sea framed. In the west of the country to find the Aegean Sea. Here are cities such as Izmir. The nearest airport is located here in Antalya. In the north of the country lies the Black Sea. Here lies, for example, Samsun. This region is known for its black tea as well as all annual hazelnut harvest. Turkey has a total of 8 borders with neighboring states. Here one finds in Greece (in the long term for many other tourist plays an important role, because a day trip to Greece is the visa for Turkey easily extend), Bulgaria, Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iran, Iraq and Syria. Disputes between Syria and Turkey and to provide for tension. In the tourist regions to get them but nothing with and abroad will also take nothing for fear tourists might stay away. Tourists respond to such messages are always sensitive, but believe me, nothing really gets you in and feels in Turkey is always safe.

The north of the country, however, is a case for itself. It lost only very rarely tourists out. The region is earthquake-prone and not really nice to Turkey holiday. Earthquake in Turkey are, however usual. However, if you already gets panic, was reassured. The last earthquake I have a circulatory disorder kept, so it was unspectacular.

The Turkey is still considered to be cost-effective alternative to sun destinations such as Spain or Dubai.

Aydın’s museum is located next to the indoor sports arena on Gazi Boulevard. It was originally founded in 1968. This modern museum has 1,500 square meters of indoor space and a courtyard and an outdoor exhibition area measuring 3,025 square meters. At the entrance and in the outdoor area, column capitals and works of stone brought here from the city of Tralles are on display.
The interior of the museum consists of three sections in which works are displayed chronologically. The museum’s collection includes a large number of statues, building fragments, terra cotta and metal objects, coins, grave finds, and idols dating from prehistoric, Hittite, Roman, and Byzantine times. Among the more important objects one may see are a bust of Athena, a statue of a Nike, and a bust of Marcus Aurelius.
In the Hall of Ethnographic Works, mostly traditional objects typical of the Aydin region such as garments, accessories, decorative articles, hand tools, weapons, and so on are on display.
The province of Aydin is quite rich in historical remains and as the museum lacks the space to display them all, there are numerous objects in its storerooms.
Some of the most important old bridges built during various periods in Aydin are ilhanoglu Koprusu, Cavus Koprusu, and Karanlik Kopru.

The Roman Empire: the last nation of the ancient world to inherit the millennium-old accumulation of Aegean culture and civilization

To be sure, the bequest of Attalos III of Pergamon was merely the pretext by which the Romans swallowed up Asia Minor. Rome was well versed in the art of “divide and conquer”. As early as 189 B.C., the Roman consul Manlius Vulso, as the protector of King Eumenes II of Pergamon was dispatched with his brother on a campaign against Galatia. The consul advanced through the Menderes and Cjne valleys, extending as far as Karacasu and the plateaus of Arpaz, Alabanda, and Kanncah. This territory, under the nominal hegemony of the Seleucid kingdom, he presented to Pergamon as if it were his own.

Rome eventually turned the Pergamene kings into a clients and following the elimination of the last stumbling-block — King Aristonicus — in 129 B.C., Consul Marcus Aquilius was sent to take delivery of the kingdom of Pergamon.
The greatest resistance to Roman expansion in Anatolia came from King Mithridates VI Eupator of Pontus. During his wars with Rome, which lasted from 84 to 63 B.C. and were the occasion of many a bloody battle, this powerful king, who ruled much of Anatolia, invaded Greece and even dared to march against Rome. He managed to take Ionia and the city of Tralles and its surroundings. Despite this however, his success was short-lived.
It was Pompey and Julius Caesar who finally secured Roman hegemony in Anatolia. By 27 B.C., the wars were over and under the Roman Empire, such emperors as Augustus, Trajan, and Hadrian built up Asia Minor and made it prosperous. Caria, Ionia, and the Maeander valley all regained their former glory. The Romans were willing to adopt beneficial aspects of local cultures and through their exploitation of local resources and their development of roads and trade, all the ancient cities in the region — foremost among them being Ephesos, Miletos, and Aphrodesias — flourished and grew and were adorned with monumental structures.

Under the Seleucid and Pergamene kingdoms

Immediately upon the death of Alexander, his quondam empire was broken up into individual kingdoms by his successors. One of these was the kingdom of Seleucus. Tralles and its vicinity became an important part of this kingdom in western Anatolia and, as its administrative center, the city began to be called Seleucei. In order to ensure the security of trade routes, King Antiochos I established the city of Antiochia, named after himself, at the eastern extremity of the Maeander valley.
As one consequence of the attempts of the Romans to spread their influence into Anatolia, the Seleucids were expelled from the Maeander valley under the treaty of Apamea in 188 B.C. and the region came under the control of the Kingdom of Pergamon, Rome’s ally.
Among the Hellenistic kingdoms in Anatolia, Pergamon was the most advanced in science, art, and civil engineering. After the death of KingEumenes II, he was succeeded by Attalos Ml who, though not entirely of sound mind, bequeathed his kingdom to Rome in his will after his death in 133 B.C. Aristonicus, the son of Eumenes II, rejected the validity of the bequest and assumed the throne himself. Despite his resistance to Rome however, he was taken prisoner three years later and put to death. In 129 B.C., the Pergamene kingdom — and with it, its territory in the Maeander valley — became the Roman province of Asia.
The kings of Pergamon were avid builders of public works and thus Tralles (Aydin) and its vicinity were developed substantially. Such famous works as the temple to Apollo in Didyma (Didim), the temple to Athena in Priene, and the temple to were all built during this period.

The Persian Empire: Hordes of Asians descend upon the warm valleys of the Aegean from the Iranian highlands

Although Lydia’s hegemony extended as far east as the Halys river (Kizilirmak), prideful King Croesus was unable to resist the expansionism or the mercenary armies of the Persians who were becoming ever more powerful in the Iranian plateau. Surging down to the warm and fertile Aegean coast from their high and cold plateau, the Persians wiped out the golden kingdom of King Croesus of Lydia.
Thus the Ionian found themselves confronted byatotaly unexpected and enormous threat and while they sought to resist, King Cyrus’s general, Mazares, invaded the valley of the Maeander and subjugated the cities of Priene, Magnesia, Tralles, and Nysa.
The Ionian Revolt instigated by the Milesians in 500 B.C. proved to be quite bloody. The Persians were merciless in suppressing the rebellion. Miletos was razed and its inhabitants were either deported to Mesopotamia or else enslaved. Their Apollo temple was burned and its sacred objects and treasures were carried off to Persia. It was now the turn of the Persians to enjoy the abundance of western Anatolia. Over the famous “Royal Road”, which began in Sardis and extended as far as Susa in Persia, an enormous share of the resources of Anatolia and of the Aegean, Black Sea, and Mediterranean regions was carried back to the imperial palaces in Persepolis.
Persian hegemony over the Maeander river basin lasted about 213 years. The Persians divided Anatolia into administrative regions (called satrapies). They ensured the establishment of political order and ruled their empire through governors (satraps) who were vested with royal powers.

The Lydians established a powerful state in western Anatolia that was centered in the basin of the Gediz (ancient Hermus) river and they had already become active in the valley of the Menderes by the 7th century B.C. It is known for example that King Gyges of Lydia ruled Magnesia on the Maeander (near present-day Ortaklar) and that in the 6th century B.C., King Alyattes rescued Orthasia (near present-day Yenipazar) from the marauding Cimmerians.
The most outstanding Lydian king however was Croesus and it was during his reign (560-546 B.C.) that Lydia experienced its brightest period. Under the protection and careful watch of Lydia, the city-states of Ionia and Caria grew and prospered, though in return for this they had to pay a hefty price to King Croesus.
The city of Tralles (modern Aydin) was a distribution and transit center where goods coming from Caria, Cilicia, Syria, Persia, and farther east were collected and from which they were sent to Aegean seaports. At the same time, olives, figs, raisins, acorns, and other produce from the valley of the Maeander were shipped from Miletos harbor to Greece, Italy, Phoenicia, and Egypt. Lydia became extraordinarily enriched due not only to its own resources but also to the taxes it collected and it can hardly be a coincidence that it was the first country in the world to mint a standardized and widely-recognized coinage.

Among the tribes migrating from the Aegean were the lonians. Reaching as far north as the middle coast of western Anadolia, they settled down around the Kusadasi gulf where the Maeander rivers discharged into the Mediterranean, and the ancient Latmian gulf, now the entrance to the Soke plain. The lonians appear to have fused with the local inhabitants and then proceeded to establish twelve seaside settlements, among them Miletos and Priene.
Through expanded maritime trade and colonization, they eventually established a strong trading network that encompassed the Aegean, Mediterranean, and Black Sea and they rapidly grew wealthy. The original small settlements grew, each one becoming an independent city-state.
Under the protective wing of the powerful Lydian kingdom, these city-states flourished in freedom, achieving high levels of activity in the fields of trade, art, scholarship, philosophy, architecture, and the political and social sciences. Rich and prosperous cities of gleaming white marble like Miletos and Priene apeared.
Yet these city-states failed to establish any political unity among themselves and thus in the 6th century B.C., at a time when they were at the peak of their development, they were forced to submit to the might of the Persian armies from the Iranian plateau and the bright and legendary sunlight of Ionian civilization was dimmed. Nevertheless it had a deep-rooted influence that persisted for ages. The uniquely Anatolian structures of the Graeco-Persian, Hellenistic, and Roman periods appeared as a continuation of Ionian culture and art on a much larger scale.
The western reaches of the province of Aydin today encompass an important part of what was known in ancient times as Ionia and we will be providing more detailed information on this in the pages that follow.

The earliest social events of which we have any significant record in our province begin with the Dorian invasions of Greece in the 1442th centuries B.C.
Under the steady pressure of these invasions, masses of peoples migrated to the shores of Anatolia. While these newcomers consisted mostly of Phrygians, Achaeans, lonians, and Cretans, who were the local people that dwelt before them in these lands in which these newcomers were taking refuge and how did they live? When we examine the research that has been carried out so far within the province of Aydin as well as the various information, resources, and documents that have been made available for study and publication we find it impossible to learn anything adequate or clear about this subject other than that provided by the prehistorical investigations being conducted at Afrodesias.
The ancient Greeks themselves made reference to a number of tribes with names such as “Carians”, “Lelegians”, and “Plasgians” who lived in the Aegean region before them. In his epic poems, Homer makes it clear that these tribes spoke a language other than Greek.
While a number of references to groups of people inhabiting and to geographical places located in the Aegean littoral have been found in tablets from the 14th century B.C. reigns of the Hittite kings Mursil I! and Tuthalia IV in Bogazkoy, these consist of no more than vague information pertaining to various military expenditions that was entered into the chronicles.
It is believed that the regions referred to during the time of the Hatti kingdom as “Karhisa”, “Uilusa”. and “Asuva” were located in western Anatolia.
The first immigrants to establish a definite state in the region were the Phrygians who invaded the valley in great waves. This tribe, which overthrew the Hittite empire in the 12th century B.C., was concentrated in the regions around theSakarya river and its center was Gor-dion (nowYassihdyuk). While the Phrygians dominated mostly western and central Anatolia, the southern limits of their authority did extend into the Menderes valley though no trace of Phrygian settlement has yet been found within the borders of the province of present-day Aydin.
When the Cimmerians, a clan of Turkic horsemen/raiders from the steppes of central Asia, penetrated as far as western Anatolia, the result was the overthrow of the Phrygian civilization in the 7th century B.C. and the emergence of its replacement, Lydia.

Since earliest times, the province of Aydin has been an important center of habitation owing to its geographical  position.  The  province is located between 37° 30′ and 38° 03′ north latitude and between 27° 00′ and 28° 57* east longitude. It measures 8,007 square kilometers in area and represents 1% of the surface area of Turkey. Aydin borders on the the provinces of Izmir and Manisa to the north,  Denizli  to the east,  and Mugla to the south while its western border is defined by the Aegean seacoast. The population according to the 1985 census was 746,992.

Climate

A moderate Mediterranean climate prevails in the province of Aydin. Winter is the season with the greatest precipitation while there is hardly any rainfall at all during summer. Snowfall is rare. Aydin is particularly exposed to weather coming from the west. Prevailing winds tend to be easterlies followed by winds from the southwest and west.